Cylinder-vat for paper-making machinery



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. WATT. CYLINDER VAT PUR PAPER MAKING- MACHINERY. N0. 464,537. Patented D60. 8 1891.

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(No Model.) 2 'sheets-sheet 2.

J. WATT. CYLINDER VAT PoR `PAPER MAKING MACHINERY.

No. 464,537. Patented Dec. 8, 1891.

III!

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN XVATT, OF QUAKER HILL, CONNECTICUT.

CYLINDER-VAT FOR PAPER-MAKING MAC'HINERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 464,537, dated December 8, 1891.

Application filed J' une 22l 1891. Serial No. 397,121. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN WATT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Quaker Hill, in the county of New London and State of Connecticut, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Cylinder-Vats for Paper- Making Machinery, which improvements are fully set forth and described in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying two sheets of drawings.

This invention relates to so-called cylinder machines for making paper in continuous web; and said invention has for its particular object the improvement of the mixing-chamber and vats, to the end that the pulp shall be more perfectly freed from grit or other foreign substances and more freely delivered to and uniformly distributed on the mold rolls or cylinders.

i In explaining myinventionl have provided the annexed drawings, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of a duplex vat with the mold-rolls and other connecting parts of a paper-making machine necessary to the Working of my new invention. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the same parts. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of Fig. 2, taken on line ,e e, with the couch-rolls removed; and Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the mixing-chamber, taken on line fr of said Fig. 2.

Referring .to the drawings, the letter ct indicatesa vat, into which the pulp flows after passing through the mixer, the vat, as here shown, being divided into three independent or separate compartments b, b', and b2. In compartments b b are located mold rolls or cylinders o c', each of which has the customary couchrolls d d', and around these couchrolls passes an apron e, that conveys the web of pulp to the press-rolls. Mold-rolls c c are jacketed with wire-cloth of fine mesh. One end of said rolls is closed and the other has an opening near the shaft,out of which flows water drained .from the pulp, a vacuum being maintained within said rolls by means of exhaust-pumps f. The pressure of iiuid within the vat forces the pulp against the wirecloth, when the water is (by reason of the vacuum) drawn within the rolls, leaving the pulp pressed against the wire-cloth jacket. As the cylinder' revolves, the pulp attached to it is carried upward and forms a web on' the cylindrical surface, from which it is removed 'in a continuous sheet by a roll that :presses the cylinder at or near its highest part. The upper or couch roll is ordinarily covered with several thicknesses of felt and is weighted to press out the water from theY pulp. rPhe arrangement of parts thus far described is the same as in cylinder-machines as commonly used, except that the compartment b2 is not provided.

My invention consists in adding to the described machine this compartment 62, also side wings g g, a series of gates connecting said side wings with the vats proper, also a downward through a chute or pipe t', that leads into the bottom of compartment b2, as best understood by reference to Fig. 3 of the drawings. In this chamber b2 is a centrally-1oabove the level of the opening leading from the chute t', the location of partition b3 being such that the pulp as it rushes from said chute into compartment b2 engages said partition and is checked and thrown forcibly upward, thus serving to agitate the pulp and hold it in solution instead of permitting it to settle to the bottom of chamber b2, as would result if the pulp were introduced at the top of said chamber. No direct communication between chamber b2 and the vats b is provided; but when it is desired to introduce the pulp into said vats the side wings g g', which form features of my invention, are brought into vuse in the following manner: Between the wings and compartment b2 are gates k k', which serve to cover openings leading outward from said chamber, and which may be raised to allow the pulp to pass outward into one or both of said wings. The pulp may then pass freely along said wings and fill the same.

m m denote other similar gates covering cated crossartition b3 extendinfJV u ward f IOO ' vats b b', in which the mold-rolls are located,

\Vhen the said wings are filled with pulp. these gates m m may be raised and the pulp allowed to iiow into either of the described vats. It will be noted that the pulp is thus introduced tothe vats near their top or upper portion. i

I-Ieretofore it has been a common thing to introduce the pulp near the bottom of the vats; but under such conditions the mass of pulp is kept constantly agitated, and sand or other foreign substance that may have been carried along with the pulp is prevented from separating and settling by gravity in the vat.

In my present arrangement the pul'p may be introduced near the top of the vat while the lower portion is comparatively at rest, and such foreign substance is free to settle to the bottom. A multiple of gates m m may be provided, so that pulp may be introduced at either or both ends of the mold-rolls. The current and tlow of pulp from the side wings g g' into the vats may be thus readily controlled. Either of the mold-rolls may be operated independent ot the other or both may be used at the same time. Pipes 0 may be provided, if desired, to connect the wings with the lower portion of the vats, these pipes being convenient at times to create a swirl or eddy whenever it is desired to stir up vor agitate the pulp at the bottom of the vats, and said pipes may also be utilized for the purpose of introducing water into the vats when it is desired to wash out the latter. In the mixingchamber the succession of partitions, gradually reducing` in height, as I have above described, provide a multiple of pockets to collect grit and similar foreign substances. The liquid iills the tirst pocket, then overflows into the second, and so on through the entire series, the gritor other foreign substance therein being gradually precipitated toward the bottom and checked by the successive partitions.

Myimprovements do not add materially to the cost oi complete machinery of this class, yet they provide a more perfect distribution of the pulp than has been accomplished heretofore.

One very valuable result of my invention is seen in the fact that I am able to direct the flow of pulp into the vats h b in such manner that the grain or liber of the paper may be laid lengthwise or crosswise of the web, as may be desired. In a two-cylinder machine, as here shown, it is a well-known fact that the paper when finished may be torn in one direction quite easily, while it appears to be stronger or tougher when torn in certain other directions, the reason for such difference bcing in the fact that the fiber is laid in the same direction by both cylinders.

In my present form of machine I am able to control the inflow of pulp to the vats and cylinders, so that the fiber as laid on one of said Vcylinders shall be lengthwise of the web of paper and the ber as laid by the other cylinder shall be crosswise of said web, the paper so made being tougher than that produced by machines of this class as now commonly operated and tearing the same in either direction. To produce this result, (the crossing of fiber,) the pulp may be introduced to one of the vats through pipes o. The pulp rises and fills the vat and is deposited on the wire-eloth cylinder. lVhen the pulp is so introduced and there is no appreciable swirl or current in the vat, the tendency of the revolving cylinder is to lay the ber lengthwise olithe web. Assuming now that the pulp is introduced into the vat b through a gate m at opposite ends of said cylinder and at opposite sides of the same-that is to say, at opposite corners of the vat-the rush of pulp through the gates causes a current that moves lengthwise of the cylinders and tends to lay the fiber in the same direction, so that when the pulp is taken from the cylinderc and deposited on the pulp previously taken from the cylinderc the ber from the cylinders is laid in opposite directions.

Having described my invention, I claim as new and wish to secure by Letters Patentl. In combination with the vats and mold- `rolls of a cylinder' paper-making machine,

wings or troughs located at each side of the vats and connected therewith by gated openings, substantially as and for the objects specified.

2. In combination with the vats and mold rolls of a paper-making machine, side wings or troughs with gated openings leading into said vats, an auxiliary vat b2, with gated opening leading into said troughs, as set forth, and a mixing-chamber havinga delivery-opening leading into said auxiliary vat, all substatitially as and for the objects specified.

3. In combination with the vats and moldrolls of a paper-makin g machin e, side wings or troughs with gated openings leading into said vats, and a mixing-chamber connecting with said vats and having a series of sand-catching pockets formed by a succession of partitions of gradually-reduced height, all being substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. In combination with the vats and moldrolls of a paper-making machine, an auxiliary vat b2, side wings or troughs with gated openings connecting the entire series of vats, as set forth, and a mixing and sand-catching chamber havin g a delivery-chute leading into the said auxiliary vat near its bottom, all substantially as and for the purpose specified.

J OlIN VATT.

Witnesses:

ALONZO lil. LUTHER, FRANK Il. ALLEN.

IZO 

